Native to Sierra Leone, they have occupied Sherbro Island since it was founded. The country can be divided into four distinct physical regions: the coastal swamp, the Sierra Leone Peninsula, the interior plains, and the interior plateau and mountain region. [61] The British established Fourah Bay College in 1827, which rapidly became a magnet for English-speaking Africans on the West Coast. Civil War In Sierra Leone And The Role Of "Blood Diamonds". In January 1970, Bangura was arrested and charged with conspiracy and plotting to commit a coup against the Stevens government. [227] As of 2014[update], Sierra Leone was estimated as having the 11th highest infant mortality rate in the world. This means that no airline registered in Sierra Leone may operate services of any kind within the European Union. The British Crown reorganised the Sierra Leone Company as the African Institution; it was directed to improve the local economy. The Sierra Leone Broadcasting Service (SLBS) was created by the colonial government in 1934 making it the earliest English language radio broadcaster service in West Africa. Taylor's aim was for the RUF to attack the bases of Nigerian dominated peacekeeping troops in Sierra Leone who were opposed to his rebel movement in Liberia. Some of Sierra Leonean international footballers include Mohamed Kallon, Mohamed Bangura, Rodney Strasser, Kei Kamara, Ibrahim Teteh Bangura, Mustapha Dumbuya, Christian Caulker, Alhassan Bangura, Sheriff Suma, Osman Kakay, Mohamed Kamara, Umaru Bangura and Julius Gibrilla Woobay. : Sierra Leone News", "SIERRA LEONE NOW: Attempts To Launder Maada Bio's Battered Image Fail We Were Not Supreme Council Members Civilians In NPRC Deny Involvement In Atrocities", "Standard Times Press Sierra Leone's NPRC's Ruthlessness No Death Certificates For 29 Sierra Leoneans", "How Sierra Leone fell into the hands of young soldiers", "Campaigns | Sierra Leone: Imminent execution / death penalty / legal concern", "Sierra Leone: one place where Tony Blair remains an unquestioned hero", "Sierra Leone launches three-day, door-to-door Ebola prevention campaign", "Sierra Leone cancels all soccer matches over Ebola outbreak", "Auswrtiges Amt Sierra Leone: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise", "7 March 2018 Election in Sierra Leone by numbers", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "National Report on the Implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD): Sierra Leone", "Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD): An Options Assessment Report", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity Supplementary Material", Sierra Leone Legal System and Legal Research, "Sierra Leone declares former junta head president", "Sierra Leone National Election Commission Bulletin", "Russia and Sierra Leone diplomatic relations", "Welcome to the Mano River Union Website", "Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Relations", Armed forces (Sierra Leone) Jane's Sentinel Security Assessments, "Summary (Sierra Leone) Jane's World Air Forces", "In Sierra Leone, Army Chief of Defence Staff Commends Troops", "State Sponsored Homophobia: A world survey of laws criminalising same-sex sexual acts between consenting adults", "71 Countries Where Homosexuality is Illegal", "Chiefs: Economic Development and Elite Control of Civil Society in Sierra Leone", "ActionAid launches Perception survey as new local councils struggle to survive", "Sierra Leone Human Development Report 2007 Empowering Local Government for Sustainable Development and Poverty Reduction The District Focus Approach to Development", "Final Results 2004 population and housing census", "Bombali profile of geographical entity including name variants", "Tonkolili profile of geographical entity including name variants", "Kambia profile of geographical entity including name variants", "Kenema profile of geographical entity including name variants", "Kailahun profile of geographical entity including name variants", "Bo profile of geographical entity including name variants", Sierra Leone News: Africell Presents Second Consignment of Food to all Quarantined Homes, "Energy Africa Access Campaign Policy Compact Sierra Leone Final Report", "Prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infections in Women and Children in Western Sierra Leone due to Smoke from Wood and Charcoal Stoves", "NATIONAL ENERGY PROFILE OF SIERRA LEONE [JUNE, 2012]", "Sierra Leone solar push aims to bring electricity to all by 2025", "The endgame of the Bumbuna hydroelectric plant project", "Sierra Leone signs MoU for $750 million hydro power boost", "Hydro brings light and hope to Sierra Leone", "Population, total - Sierra Leone | Data", "Sierra Leone: Krio and the Quest for National Integration", "Recounting the sacrifices that made Bangla the State Language", "Sierra Leone makes Bengali official language", "Sierra Leone Hailed for Religious Tolerance", "Preventing religious conflict in Sierra Leone: a careful balancing act", "Media Centre In Sierra Leone, partnerships with religious leaders help combat child mortality", "Interreligious Community Advocates for Peace in Sierra Leone with photos", "Ahmadiyya Movement Goes Mainstream in Sierra Leone", Sierra Leone: Bo Ahmadiya Muslim Secondary School Golden Jubilee, Former Principal and Secretary-General Honoured, "National President of the Supreme Islamic Council of Sierra Leone Congratulates H.E (Rtd) Juilius Maada Bio and his vice, Dr Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh", "*Sierra Leone Imams present new president to Hon. The Sierra Leone Police is headed by the Inspector General of Police, the professional head of the Sierra Leone Police force, who is appointed by the president of Sierra Leone. Football is an important part of Kenema's culture being home to one of Sierra Leone's most famous international footballer known as Mohamed Kallon. Outside the capital Freetown and other major cities, television is not watched by a great many people, although Bo, Kenema and Makeni are served by their own relays of the main SLBC service. . The northern section of this has been categorised by the World Wildlife Fund as part of the Guinean forest-savanna mosaic ecoregion, while the south is rain-forested plains and farmland. [220] Also in 2004, a UN-backed war crimes court began holding trials of senior leaders from both sides of the war. As a result, Albert Margai became unpopular in the Creole community, many of whom had supported Sir Milton. The standard of print journalism tends to be low owing to lack of training, and people trust the information published in newspapers less than that found on the radio.[257]. Passengers cross the river to Aberdeen Heliports in Freetown by hovercraft, ferry or a helicopter. [217], Medical care is not readily accessible, with doctors and hospitals out of reach for many villagers. Koroma was re-elected president for a second (and final) term in November 2012. The country had its first general elections as an independent nation on 27 May 1961. His father was a Yalunka paramount chief of Solima, a prosperous chieftaincy. Elements of the British Army, together with administrators and politicians, remained after withdrawal to help train the armed forces, improve the infrastructure of the country and administer financial and material aid. The SLPP leadership, led by Sir Milton Margai, negotiated with the British and the educated Krio-dominated colony based in Freetown to achieve independence. Just like Freetown and Bo, Kenema is home to an ethnically diverse population whose main dialect is the Krio language. As head of the armed forces, General Momoh had been loyal to Stevens, who had appointed him to the position. Sierra Leone is known for its blood diamonds that were mined and sold to diamond conglomerates during the civil war, to buy the weapons that fuelled its atrocities. Area figures are derived from geospatial data. Deforestation rates have increased 7.3% since the end of the civil war. It was founded in 1792 by abolitionist John Clarkson and was settled by freed slaves from various parts of the world whose descendants are known as the Sierra Leone Creole people. [108] There are concerns that heavy logging continues in the Tama-Tonkoli Forest Reserve in the north. [79], Education in Sierra Leone is legally required for all children for six years at primary level (Class P1-P6) and three years in junior secondary education,[211] but a shortage of schools and teachers has made implementation impossible. For example, some of the Liberated Africans were forced to change their name to a more Western sounding one. Among the soldiers arrested was a little-known army corporal, Foday Sankoh, a strong Bangura supporter, who would later form the Revolutionary United Front (RUF). Sierra Leone is a West African country near the Atlantic Ocean. Sierra Leone's first and second presidents, Siaka Stevens and Joseph Saidu Momoh, respectively, were both ethnic Limba. 2004 saw a population of four million, nine hundred and seventy-six thousand eight hundred and seventy-one (4,976,871) and in the 2015 census Sierra Leone recorded a total population of seven million and ninety-two thousand, one hundred and thirteen (7,092,113), the last census before the latest mid-term population and housing census which indicated a total of eight hundred and forty-three thousand two hundred and fifty-four (843,254) residential buildings, whilst for non-residential a total of seven thousand five hundred and three ( 7,503). The climate is tropical, with two seasons determining the agricultural cycle: the rainy season from May to November, and a dry season from December to May, which includes harmattan, when cool, dry winds blow in off the Sahara Desert and the night-time temperature can be as low as 16C (60.8F). Stations mainly consist of local commercial stations with a limited broadcast range, combined with a few stations with national coverage Capital Radio Sierra Leone being the largest of the commercial stations. According to the report, Sierra Leones population has increased by 6.4%, since the last census in 2015. In addition, it stated that: The population size of Sierra Leone in 2021 has more than tripled since the first modern census that was conducted in 1963. The Sierra Leone national football team, popularly known as the Leone Stars, represents the country in international competitions. Setting: Twenty-seven peripheral health units, five secondary hospitals and one tertiary hospital, Western Area District, Sierra Leone.Objectives: To describe reporting systems, monthly attendances and facility-based patterns of six non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the pre-Ebola and Ebola virus disease outbreak periods.Design: A cross-sectional study using programme data. The Krio have traditionally dominated Sierra Leone's judiciary and Freetown's elected city council. In October 1999, the United Nations agreed to send peacekeepers to help restore order and disarm the rebels. [240][241] In early August 2014 Guinea closed its borders to Sierra Leone to help contain the spreading of the virus, which originated in Guinea, as more new cases of the disease were being reported in Sierra Leone than in Guinea. Source: Statistics Sierra Leone (web). The Susu and Yalunka are both descendants of migrants from Guinea; they both are virtually all Muslims at over 99%. The NPRC's efforts proved to be nearly ineffective as the ousted Momoh administration in repelling the RUF rebels. Economic Community of West African States, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, some areas around the capital of Sierra Leone, First Responder Coalition of Sierra Leone, Agency for Rural Community Transformation, female genital mutilation in Sierra Leone, "Sierra Leone 2015 Population and Housing Census National Analytical Report", "GINI index (World Bank estimate) Sierra Leone", "National Electoral Commission Press Release", "Sierra Leone unveils new geographical map", 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Sierra Leone, "Inter-religious cooperation can be vital asset for rebuilding Sierra Leone UN expert", "The Establishment of the Sierra Leone Protectorate and the Insurrection of 1898", "Transition without Rupture: Sierra Leone's Transfer Election of 1996", "The British Experience in Africa and Oman", "Pedro da intra did not name Sierra Leone: An Exploration into available evidence", Staying Power: The History of Black People in Britain, Reconstructing the Life Histories of Liberated Africans: Sierra Leone in the Early Nineteenth Century, https://www.persee.fr/doc/cea_0008-0055_1991_num_31_121_2116, https://www.academia.edu/40720522/A_Precis_of_Sources_relating_to_genealogical_research_on_the_Sierra_Leone_Krio_people, "Reconstructing the Life Histories of Enslaved Africans: Sierra Leone, c. 180819", The International Journal of African Historical Studies, "House of Commons International Development Memoranda", "Sierra Leone Web Sierra Leonean Heroes Achievement of Independence", "Sierra Leone was ripe for Independence: Exclusive interview with Reginald Boltman", "Sierra Leone: Viewpoint Celebrating a New Nation! 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