Over the course of the past 9 semesters, >300 students have participated in this laboratory exercise. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. descending colon . These structures embryologically originate from the epidermis and are often termed "appendages"; they can extend down through the dermis into the hypodermis. quizlette557965. Monitoring and maintaining the blood glucose level within a relatively narrow range (75100 mg/dl) is key to maintaining homeostasis. The authors thank Dr. J. Bandoli for assistance with the statistical analysis. Mean values at 30 min indicate that blood sugar levels were directly related to the GL of the meal, with the HGL group having the highest blood sugars (145 4.7), the MGL group midrange levels (113 7.8), and LGL group the lowest levels (92 2.2). The following molecules or ions all have three oxygen atoms attached to a central atom. The four treatment groups included the following: oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), high glycemic load (GL) meal (HGL), moderate GL meal (MGL), and low GL meal (LGL). Students discover that postprandial glucose levels peak similarly for the OGTT and HGL group (137 7.1 and 145 4.7mg/dl) and remain higher than MGL and LGL groups over the 2-h period. ; 50 Organs of the Digestive System Lab Ex Lab performance either an p. 675-676. teeth, each with points. Come, Follow Me 2022 Manual, Living With Liver Disease The Awful Truth. Sublingual gland Figure 44-5 1.) What is an OGTT? The concepts are further investicated through the comparisons between the physical object and mathematical and/or computer models. The instructor also covers both humoral and neural mechanisms that work to maintain blood glucose levels. Consumption of nutrients (primarily carbohydrates) is necessary to maintain blood glucose levels. For the American Physiological Society Guiding Principles for Research Involving Animals and Human Beings, please see www.the-aps.org/mm/Publications/Ethical-Policies/Animal-and-Human-Research. During the nine semesters that this laboratory has been offered, impaired glucose tolerance (Table 4) has been observed on three occasions after either the OGTT or HGL treatments. START by studying the relevant exercises, labeled models and slides. 3. No abbreviations. Although this has never happened, if a student were to display elevated fasting glucose defining them as impaired fasting glucose or diabetic (Table 4), they would not be allowed further participation and would be advised to consult a physician (1, 15). Treatments included the following groups: oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), high glycemic load meal (HGL), moderate glycemic load meal (MGL), and low glycemic load meal (LGL). Therefore, the regulation of blood glucose, both fasted and fed, was ideal to meet our objective. Small intestine Mesentery large intestine Pancreas 48 provides a systems approach to Digestive and regulatory processes through mouth. Sugar-free drink flavoring (used to flavor the oral glucose solutions). 45 Structure of the Kidney 46 Urinalysis . The GLUT4 proteins now permit the facilitated diffusion of glucose from the extracellular medium into the skeletal muscle cell (Fig. ANATOMY and PHYSIOLOGY II with LAB Daniel Moore Summer 2015 BIOL 138 Section D2 FORMAT FOR GRADING Exam One covers Chapter 11 Exam Two covers Chapters 12 and 13 Exam Three covers Chapters 14, 15 and 16 Exam Four covers Chapters 17 and 19 Exam Five covers Chapter 20 Exam Six covers Chapters 21, 22 & part of 23 FINAL EXAM covers covers all of the Chapters for the semester Lab 8: Digestive System Measurable Outcomes. The GL of a particular food is the product of the GI of the food and the amount of available carbohydrate in a serving: GI [total carbohydrate content (in g) fiber content (in g)]/100. 3. Submandibular glands. 2 / 24. pyloric region. Breathing and Respiratory System 44 Breathing and Respiratory System 44 Breathing and Respiratory Volumes 52 Spirometry: BIOPAC exercise ) Or divided into several separate procedures Physiology Revealed ( APR ) cd into cd drive and allow it to.. # 3, p. 675-676. The Digestive System (Anatomy) 1. Royalton Bavaro Flowrider Cost, 4. Physics Practice exam 2. 4. On postprandial glucose and insulin levels? When antiseptic hand cleansers or towelettes are used, hands should be washed with soap and running water as soon as feasible. Cheese sticks (enough to provide 4 individually packaged 1-oz servings per student). Eight interactive eLabs further your laboratory experience in an interactive digital environment. An e-mail is sent to remind students to eat only a light breakfast at least 6 h before the laboratory and to bring a sack lunch to eat upon completion of the laboratory. Illustrations are used to present key concepts including the release of insulin from the pancreas (Fig. 13. To get students to think through the implications of a diet consistently low in carbohydrate and high in fat, the instructor may pose the following question: Are there disadvantages to regularly consuming meals high in fat and low in carbohydrate? 2. Although this subject did not participate in the OGTT group, one would expect similar results based on our findings that the OGTT group did not differ significantly from the HGL group at any time period. Bleach (diluted 1:10). In this sample data set, fasting blood glucose levels are within the normal range of 75100 mg/dl for all students, and there are no significant differences in fasting glucose between treatments (Table 2 and Fig. Yes, de Meijer VE, Le HD, Meisel JA, Akhavan Sharif MR, Pan A, Nose V, Puder M, Dietary fat intake promotes the development of hepatic steatosis independently from excess caloric consumption in a murine model, Foster-Powell K, Holt SH, Brand-Miller JC, International table of glycemic index and glycemic load values: 2002, Gabir MM, Hanson RL, Dabelea D, Imperatore G, Roumain J, Bennett PH, Knowler WC, The 1997 American Diabetes Association and 1999 World Health Organization criteria for hyperglycemia in the diagnosis and prediction of diabetes, Effect of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on blood glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes, Gannon MC, Nuttall FQ, Neil BJ, Westphal SA, The insulin and glucose responses to meals of glucose plus various proteins in type II diabetic subjects, Haber GB, Heaton KW, Murphy D, Burroughs LF, Depletion and disruption of dietary fibre. 2. en Change Language. This laboratory exercise provides a systems approach to digestive and regulatory processes through the exploration of postprandial blood glucose levels. Digestive Processes The processes of digestion include six activities: ingestion, propulsion, mechanical or physical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption, and defecation. 45 Anatomy of the Reproductive System . Small disposable cups with lids to store the measured quantity of peanut butter. Mass of muscle covered with taste buds. Again, the instructor may wish to pose the following question to direct student thinking: What factors influence one's production and sensitivity to insulin? Module 2 - Practical 2 Material: Cardiovascular and Lymphatics. Does proving this relationship really matter? In light of current trends in obesity and type II diabetes, these discussions are timely and well received. The Urinary System. 430 LAB EXERCISE 44 Digestive Structures clinical application: fluoroscopy can be detected this way. 43 Anatomy of the Urinary System . After the laboratory, students could be asked to conduct research and describe the characteristics of the meal as well as personal characteristics that influence their results. Bibal Laboratory Exercise 44 Digestive Structures - Free download as PDF File (.pdf) or read online for free. Take one or more of the tours (select bottom right) to It begins with ingestion and ends with defecation. Maintaining homeostasis after meal consumption relies on the integration of digestive and endocrine (and to some extent nervous) function. The OGTT could be eliminated and a similar sugar challenge delivered by having students ingest soda and/or candy. Sets found in the same folder. Most exercises can be completed within two hours, and answers to the exercises are included in the Instructor's Manual. Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) leads to confusion, unconsciousness, and potentially even death as neurons rely on glucose as their source of energy. 3). Graphing student data provides visual evidence of the direct relationship between the calculated GL of the meal and postprandial blood glucose levels (Fig. _SUBManpBuLAR_pLAND fo TOMBE SIGS 5. Activity 1: Microscopic Observation of Digestive Structures. Furthermore, these excited states have extremely long lifetimes (i.e., the electron will stay in this high excited state fora very long time). 54 Digestive Organs. Students observe first hand the ability of the body to tightly regulate blood glucose and return this variable to its normal range when acutely altered as a result of digestive processes. Organ Systems Overview The Microscope and Its Uses Exercise 3. What is insulin and when is it secreted? The first of these processes, ingestion , refers to the entry of food into the alimentary canal through the mouth. Where To Download Laboratory Exercise 49 Organs Of The Digestive System Human Anatomy and Physiology This laboratory manual is designed for an introductory majors biology course with a broad survey of basic laboratory techniques. Describe how the blood glucose level is regulated (content knowledge), 3. Urinary System. Increased ATP signals closing of K+ channels, and the -cell depolarizes as K+ is held within the cell. Alcohol swabs. An Accucheck glucometer is used to determine fasted and 30-, 60-, and 120-min postprandial blood glucose levels. Even though this laboratory has successfully and safely used the OGTT for several years, some may wish to avoid this treatment. Band-aids (small size to cover the fingertip after the finger stick if blood is slow to clot). Some of these structures are the pharynx, crop, gizzard, intestine, and accessory glands. Digestive Structures (Lab 44) STUDY Flashcards Learn Write Spell Test PLAY Match Gravity Created by tanya_niesen Terms in this set (57) Oral cavity (mouth) beginning of the one-way human digestive tract Lips Buccinator muscle muscle that forms most of the cheek wall Tongue mass of muscle covered with mucous epithelium containing taste buds Lymphatic structures in the mouth cavity. Lab Report 44 Figure 44-2 1.) How does the physical state of the meal (solid vs. liquid, cooked vs. uncooked, high fiber vs. low fiber) affect digestion and absorption rates? Anatomy of the Urinary System. Red biohazard (autoclave) bags. 3. Child's Chin Turned Purple, Also, test your knowledge in medical terminology. This classification scheme and be able to discuss concepts related to anatomy and Physiology /a. ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM o GI TRACT ORGANS Mouth - aka oral/buccal cavity Roof: Hard palate and soft palate Lateral walls: cheeks Anterior border: lips Posterior border = fauces ("passages" to oropharynx) Lips are attached to gingiva (gums) via the labial frenulum (small bridle) Vestibule - space between the lips and teeth Teeth break up food into smaller pieces via a process called mastication Tongue mixes food with saliva secreted by salivary glands initiating chemical . *Significantly different from the OGTT group (P < 0.05); significantly different from the fasted glucose level (P < 0.05). Glucometer batteries (always have spare on hand). Disposable laboratory safety (exam) gloves. 1. Complete the quiz only after you studied the material. The postlaboratory assignment requires students to discuss the importance of glucose homeostasis, graphically summarize their findings, review the literature to describe results in light of published data, and describe relationships between hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia and disease processes.